The following warnings occurred:
Warning [2] Undefined array key "lockoutexpiry" - Line: 94 - File: global.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/global.php 94 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 28 require_once
Warning [2] Undefined array key "lockoutexpiry" - Line: 573 - File: global.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/global.php 573 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 28 require_once
Warning [2] Undefined variable $can_access_moderationqueue - Line: 752 - File: global.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/global.php 752 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 28 require_once
Warning [2] Undefined array key "avatartype" - Line: 892 - File: global.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/global.php 892 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 28 require_once
Warning [2] Undefined array key "avatartype" - Line: 892 - File: global.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/global.php 892 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 28 require_once
Warning [2] Undefined variable $awaitingusers - Line: 34 - File: global.php(959) : eval()'d code PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/global.php(959) : eval()'d code 34 errorHandler->error
/global.php 959 eval
/showthread.php 28 require_once
Warning [2] Undefined array key "style" - Line: 1024 - File: global.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/global.php 1024 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 28 require_once
Warning [2] Undefined property: MyLanguage::$lang_select_default - Line: 5308 - File: inc/functions.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions.php 5308 errorHandler->error
/global.php 1024 build_theme_select
/showthread.php 28 require_once
Warning [2] Undefined array key 1 - Line: 1474 - File: inc/functions.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions.php 1474 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions.php 1429 fetch_forum_permissions
/showthread.php 103 forum_permissions
Warning [2] Undefined array key 1 - Line: 1474 - File: inc/functions.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions.php 1474 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions.php 1439 fetch_forum_permissions
/inc/functions.php 3077 forum_permissions
/showthread.php 661 build_forum_jump
Warning [2] Undefined array key 1 - Line: 1474 - File: inc/functions.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions.php 1474 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions.php 1439 fetch_forum_permissions
/inc/functions.php 3077 forum_permissions
/showthread.php 661 build_forum_jump
Warning [2] Undefined array key 1 - Line: 1474 - File: inc/functions.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions.php 1474 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions.php 1439 fetch_forum_permissions
/inc/functions.php 3077 forum_permissions
/showthread.php 661 build_forum_jump
Warning [2] Undefined array key 1 - Line: 1474 - File: inc/functions.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions.php 1474 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions.php 1439 fetch_forum_permissions
/inc/functions.php 3077 forum_permissions
/showthread.php 661 build_forum_jump
Warning [2] Undefined array key 1 - Line: 1474 - File: inc/functions.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions.php 1474 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions.php 1439 fetch_forum_permissions
/inc/functions.php 3077 forum_permissions
/showthread.php 661 build_forum_jump
Warning [2] Undefined array key 1 - Line: 1474 - File: inc/functions.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions.php 1474 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions.php 1439 fetch_forum_permissions
/inc/functions.php 3077 forum_permissions
/showthread.php 661 build_forum_jump
Warning [2] Undefined array key 1 - Line: 1474 - File: inc/functions.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions.php 1474 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions.php 1439 fetch_forum_permissions
/inc/functions.php 3077 forum_permissions
/showthread.php 661 build_forum_jump
Warning [2] Undefined array key "mybb" - Line: 2121 - File: inc/functions.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions.php 2121 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions_indicators.php 41 my_set_array_cookie
/showthread.php 669 mark_thread_read
Warning [2] Undefined array key "profilefield" - Line: 6 - File: inc/functions_post.php(484) : eval()'d code PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php(484) : eval()'d code 6 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions_post.php 484 eval
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "canonlyreplyownthreads" - Line: 672 - File: inc/functions_post.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php 672 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "showimages" - Line: 768 - File: inc/functions_post.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php 768 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "showvideos" - Line: 773 - File: inc/functions_post.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php 773 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "posttime" - Line: 9 - File: inc/functions_post.php(906) : eval()'d code PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php(906) : eval()'d code 9 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions_post.php 906 eval
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "avatar_padding" - Line: 19 - File: inc/functions_post.php(906) : eval()'d code PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php(906) : eval()'d code 19 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions_post.php 906 eval
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "profilefield" - Line: 6 - File: inc/functions_post.php(484) : eval()'d code PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php(484) : eval()'d code 6 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions_post.php 484 eval
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "canonlyreplyownthreads" - Line: 672 - File: inc/functions_post.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php 672 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "showimages" - Line: 768 - File: inc/functions_post.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php 768 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "showvideos" - Line: 773 - File: inc/functions_post.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php 773 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "posttime" - Line: 9 - File: inc/functions_post.php(906) : eval()'d code PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php(906) : eval()'d code 9 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions_post.php 906 eval
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "avatar_padding" - Line: 19 - File: inc/functions_post.php(906) : eval()'d code PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php(906) : eval()'d code 19 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions_post.php 906 eval
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "profilefield" - Line: 6 - File: inc/functions_post.php(484) : eval()'d code PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php(484) : eval()'d code 6 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions_post.php 484 eval
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "canonlyreplyownthreads" - Line: 672 - File: inc/functions_post.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php 672 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "showimages" - Line: 768 - File: inc/functions_post.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php 768 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "showvideos" - Line: 773 - File: inc/functions_post.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php 773 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "posttime" - Line: 9 - File: inc/functions_post.php(906) : eval()'d code PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php(906) : eval()'d code 9 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions_post.php 906 eval
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "avatar_padding" - Line: 19 - File: inc/functions_post.php(906) : eval()'d code PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php(906) : eval()'d code 19 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions_post.php 906 eval
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "profilefield" - Line: 6 - File: inc/functions_post.php(484) : eval()'d code PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php(484) : eval()'d code 6 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions_post.php 484 eval
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "canonlyreplyownthreads" - Line: 672 - File: inc/functions_post.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php 672 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "showimages" - Line: 768 - File: inc/functions_post.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php 768 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "showvideos" - Line: 773 - File: inc/functions_post.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php 773 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "posttime" - Line: 9 - File: inc/functions_post.php(906) : eval()'d code PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php(906) : eval()'d code 9 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions_post.php 906 eval
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "avatar_padding" - Line: 19 - File: inc/functions_post.php(906) : eval()'d code PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/inc/functions_post.php(906) : eval()'d code 19 errorHandler->error
/inc/functions_post.php 906 eval
/showthread.php 1126 build_postbit
Warning [2] Undefined array key "invisible" - Line: 1568 - File: showthread.php PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/showthread.php 1568 errorHandler->error
Warning [2] Undefined variable $threadnotesbox - Line: 33 - File: showthread.php(1600) : eval()'d code PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/showthread.php(1600) : eval()'d code 33 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 1600 eval
Warning [2] Undefined variable $addremovesubscription - Line: 82 - File: showthread.php(1600) : eval()'d code PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/showthread.php(1600) : eval()'d code 82 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 1600 eval
Warning [2] Undefined variable $thread_deleted - Line: 104 - File: showthread.php(1600) : eval()'d code PHP 8.1.27 (Linux)
File Line Function
/showthread.php(1600) : eval()'d code 104 errorHandler->error
/showthread.php 1600 eval




Thread Rating:
  • 0 Vote(s) - 0 Average
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
Realistic driving experience
12-09-2014, 03:59 PM,
#1
Realistic driving experience
Hi,

I'm interested in using VDrift as a driving simulation. I'm aiming at simulating a usual street car on everyday roads.

It is probably is not too difficult to create a racetrack that is similar to a normal road in width and curvature. Do you think it is also possible to incorporate junctions easily or does this require changes to the track format?

The other aspect I would like to ask you about is the behavior of the physics simulation at low speeds. Since VDrift is obviously geared towards racing, I'm wondering how realistic the handling of the cars is at comparatively lower speeds. I'd probably want to start tweaking one of the existing cars to make it much less powerful.

As I understand VDrift uses a variant of the Pacejka magic formula for tire modeling. I have read that the results provided by Pacejka are not very satisfactory at lower speeds.
Maybe someone here can enlighten me if this also affects VDrift, or if there are some counter-measures implemented to correct the forces on tires at low speeds. One thing I noticed is that even when doing nothing, the car (previously standing still) always started to slowly move forward. It only actually stands still when applying the brakes.

Besides trying VDrift I also had a look at TORCS (and its fork SpeedDreams). Personally I do not feel much difference between these two simulations when racing. I learned that while TORCS uses a self-implemented 2.5D-Physics engine (simuV2), VDrift relies on the Bullet library for its physics simulation. However I'm not sure if this also includes the suspension system or if this is again a separate implementation.
I would be especially glad if someone could provide some more information on where the differecences between VDrift and TORCS lie and what kind of philosophy they are following.

Thanks a lot for reading Smile
Reply
12-10-2014, 09:03 AM,
#2
RE: Realistic driving experience
The AI, racing logic expect closed loop tracks. But you can run the game without any roads at all, drive directly on the track mesh.

Bullet is used for collision detection and rigid body dynamics. Powertrain, suspension and tires are handled by custom code.

There is no special code to handle Pacejka related issues in the simulation. The forward rolling is one of the symptoms. It might be possible to hack around.

At some point I rewrote the simulation (sim branch) to deal with the limitations of current code. Unfortunately it turned out to be computationally too expensive to simlate multiple cars.

I still hope to get back to it, slowly working towards separating simulation from the rest of the game, to be able to go multithreaded eventually.

Recently other things had higher priority though.
Reply
12-13-2014, 11:31 AM,
#3
RE: Realistic driving experience
Thank you for your pointers.

When driving on a normal closed circuit, is the ground contact always calculated using the mesh of the terrain directly? Or is this only used as fallback when leaving the race track?

I did a checkout of your sim branch. Unfortunately I wasn't able to compile it, receiving the following error:

Code:
src/game.cpp: In constructor ‘GAME::GAME(std::ostream&, std::ostream&)’:
src/game.cpp:126:70: error: invalid conversion from ‘bool (*)(btManifoldPoint&, const btCollisionObject*, int, int, const btCollisionObject*, int, int)’ to ‘ContactAddedCallback {aka bool (*)(btManifoldPoint&, const btCollisionObjectWrapper*, int, int, const btCollisionObjectWrapper*, int, int)}’ [-fpermissive]
  dynamics.setContactAddedCallback(&sim::Vehicle::WheelContactCallback);
                                                                      ^
In file included from src/game.h:36:0,
                 from src/game.cpp:20:
src/physics/world.h:65:7: note: initializing argument 1 of ‘void sim::World::setContactAddedCallback(ContactAddedCallback)’
  void setContactAddedCallback(ContactAddedCallback cb);
       ^
In file included from /usr/include/bullet/LinearMath/btVector3.h:21:0,
                 from /usr/include/bullet/LinearMath/btMatrix3x3.h:19,
                 from /usr/include/bullet/LinearMath/btTransform.h:21,
                 from /usr/include/bullet/LinearMath/btMotionState.h:19,
                 from src/physics/motionstate.h:23,
                 from src/track.h:27,
                 from src/game.h:29,
                 from src/game.cpp:20:
/usr/include/bullet/LinearMath/btScalar.h: At global scope:
/usr/include/bullet/LinearMath/btScalar.h:337:14: warning: ‘btInfinityMask’ defined but not used [-Wunused-variable]
  static  int btInfinityMask = 0x7F800000;
              ^
scons: *** [build/game.o] Error 1
scons: building terminated because of errors.

Compiling the latest version from the master branch was successful. One thing I noticed however is that the cars react very nervous (I'm using mouse steering). It is almost impossible to drive in a straight line, even at low speeds.
Another thing which I could observe was a very weird collision behaviour with corner curbs. Sometimes after hitting a corner curb the car was flung over almost the entire map.
Reply
12-13-2014, 02:49 PM,
#4
RE: Realistic driving experience
(12-13-2014, 11:31 AM)mikado Wrote: Thank you for your pointers.

When driving on a normal closed circuit, is the ground contact always calculated using the mesh of the terrain directly? Or is this only used as fallback when leaving the race track?

I did a checkout of your sim branch. Unfortunately I wasn't able to compile it, receiving the following error:

Code:
src/game.cpp: In constructor ‘GAME::GAME(std::ostream&, std::ostream&)’:
src/game.cpp:126:70: error: invalid conversion from ‘bool (*)(btManifoldPoint&, const btCollisionObject*, int, int, const btCollisionObject*, int, int)’ to ‘ContactAddedCallback {aka bool (*)(btManifoldPoint&, const btCollisionObjectWrapper*, int, int, const btCollisionObjectWrapper*, int, int)}’ [-fpermissive]
  dynamics.setContactAddedCallback(&sim::Vehicle::WheelContactCallback);
                                                                      ^
In file included from src/game.h:36:0,
                 from src/game.cpp:20:
src/physics/world.h:65:7: note: initializing argument 1 of ‘void sim::World::setContactAddedCallback(ContactAddedCallback)’
  void setContactAddedCallback(ContactAddedCallback cb);
       ^
In file included from /usr/include/bullet/LinearMath/btVector3.h:21:0,
                 from /usr/include/bullet/LinearMath/btMatrix3x3.h:19,
                 from /usr/include/bullet/LinearMath/btTransform.h:21,
                 from /usr/include/bullet/LinearMath/btMotionState.h:19,
                 from src/physics/motionstate.h:23,
                 from src/track.h:27,
                 from src/game.h:29,
                 from src/game.cpp:20:
/usr/include/bullet/LinearMath/btScalar.h: At global scope:
/usr/include/bullet/LinearMath/btScalar.h:337:14: warning: ‘btInfinityMask’ defined but not used [-Wunused-variable]
  static  int btInfinityMask = 0x7F800000;
              ^
scons: *** [build/game.o] Error 1
scons: building terminated because of errors.

Compiling the latest version from the master branch was successful. One thing I noticed however is that the cars react very nervous (I'm using mouse steering). It is almost impossible to drive in a straight line, even at low speeds.
Another thing which I could observe was a very weird collision behaviour with corner curbs. Sometimes after hitting a corner curb the car was flung over almost the entire map.

Yeah, the sim branch might need some work. It also depends on sim data, won't run with current data master. Would be cool to get it functional again.

Against which bullet version are you linking? The recent ones 2.82? can cause some serious issues, due to bullet internal changes. There is a bug on the issue tracker, needs to be investigated more thoroughly.

The road patches ray test overrides the track mesh test. This can cause issues, but works quite well most of the time.
Reply


Forum Jump:


Users browsing this thread: 1 Guest(s)